I highly recommend this article on "animates" in the French Enlightenment. One can think of them as an early type of robot. After a couple of centuries of thinking about this stuff, you would think we would have progressed more in our thinking!
"I think the educational system has become a major factor stopping people from thinking about the future."
and
"You can’t just write checks to the thirty smartest scientists in the United States. Instead there are bureaucratic processes, and I think the politicization of science—where a lot of scientists have to write grant applications, be subject to peer review, and have to get all these people to buy in—all this has been toxic, because the skills that make a great scientist and the skills that make a great politician are radically different. " Peter Thiel
A great article on the future of cognitive enhancement in The Atlantic.
Speaking of enhancements, Slate wonders how life will change when, through drugs or engineering, our memories are perfect.
How to translate academic-ese.
Increased undergraduate debt increases the probability of attending graduate school.